Urinary System Pathologies in Children

Urinary system pathologies; These are pathologies that concern the kidneys, ureters, bladder and urethra and have an insidious course and permanent damage if not diagnosed early. For this reason, starting from fetal USGs performed in the intrauterine period, urinary tract anomalies should be investigated after birth, especially in some cases. In this respect, the urinary system should be ruled out with appropriate examinations in children with the following characteristics.

1. In oligohydramnios
2. Those who have a urinary tract infection
3. Other system anomalies and syndromes that are frequently seen together with urinary system anomalies
4. In cases with known genetic transmission, if there is urinary system pathology in the family
5. Additionally, hematuria, azotemia, swelling or mass in the waist, globular vesicale, dribbling urine, acid in the abdomen, atypical facial appearance, urination from the navel.
6. Single umbilical artery
7. Auricle abnormalities
8. Prune Belly syndrome
9. Congenital limb deformities
10. Heart anomalies
11. Anorectal anomalies
12. Esophageal atresia and tracheoesophageal fistula
13. Spina bifida, sacral anomalies
14. Myelomeningocele
15. Extrophia vesica and cloacal abnormalities
16. Some cases of hypospadias and undescended testicles

99% of normal babies pass urine in the first 48 hours after birth. For this reason, healthy babies who have not urinated on the first day should not be alarmed, but their history of urination, which may be overlooked due to less urination in the first days, should be carefully questioned. A stenosis or compression in the ureteropelvic area causes hydronephrosis, ureterovesical stenosis causes hydroureteronephrosis, urine leakage from the bladder to the ureters and even the kidneys leads to hydroureteronephrosis, and obstructions at the bladder outlet, such as posterior urethral valve, bladder neck enlargement and bilateral hydroureteronephrosis. In the examination of these pathologies, USG, intravenous pyelography and scintigraphic studies are performed. Surgery is planned according to the severity and necessity of the pathology.